Life Satisfaction and Psychological Distress among Primary Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

The burden of care for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Bangladesh often falls heavily on primary caregivers, who face significant psychological distress amid societal stigma and limited resources. While research is typically concentrated in major urban hubs like Dhaka, the Rajshahi region remains underserved and understudied. This study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design to bridge this gap. Quantitatively, the study will measure psychological distress and life satisfaction among 100 purposively selected caregivers using the validated Bangla versions of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Qualitatively, the research will explore lived experiences, coping mechanisms, and the impact of societal stigma through 10 Key Informant Interviews with stakeholders such as neurologists, clinical psychologists, government officials, special education teachers, and social workers, and two Focus Group Discussions with caregivers, both be conducted using semi-structured interviews. The study specifically examines how demographic variables, such as gender, income, and educational attainment, affect caregiver resilience and mental health outcomes. Expected results include the first detailed mental health profile of ASD caregivers in the Rajshahi division, which will inform the creation of a culturally relevant “Caregiver’s Guide to Mental Health” and a framework for a pilot respite care program. By identifying specific financial and geographic barriers to care, this research provides practical, evidence-based recommendations to help families make informed choices and support the integration of caregiver well-being into regional health frameworks.